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A linearized stress intensity factor (SIF) is derived for concrete through a multiscale approach by considering the predominant process zone mechanisms such as aggregate bridging and microcracking.
ACI 318-11 (2011) and AASHTO LRFD (2010) have a simple equation for calculating the elastic modulus of concrete which was derived for concrete compressive strength up to 42 MPa.
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Closed-form solutions are derived for plated concrete beams simply supported at both ends and verified through direct comparisons with existing results.
Based on the test results, approximated expressions to predict the slope of the descending branch and the strain at sustained concrete strength are derived for the confined concrete in columns having each type of sectional shapes.
Equation (4) was derived for conventional reinforced concrete sections where the location of the tensile reinforcement is closer to the neutral axis than the extreme concrete tensile fiber is.
New moment thrust interaction curves and shear strength equations were derived for the rubberized concrete road side barriers.
Secondly, the current design guidelines simply assume that some modified versions of the shear design equations which are empirically derived for steel-reinforced concrete beams can be easily extended to cover FRP-RC beams although the guidelines vary greatly in the manner they modify the equations.
An analytical solution is then derived for the chloride diffusivity in concrete applying the general effective medium theory.
Then a concrete design procedure is derived for a class of electro-mechanical systems.
A series of column interaction diagrams with various concrete strengths and steel ratios are derived for design purposes.
However, the current empirical formulae for evaluating such time equivalency are mainly derived for protected steel members and may not be applicable for reinforced concrete members.
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