The pumping rate in bore wells varies from 20 to 500 lpm and depends on the depth of the bore well (Subburaj, 2008).
The depth of the bore wells varies from 200 to 250 ft.
Based upon the measurements made in the heating mode, the heat extraction rate from the soil, with an average thermal diffusivity of 0.00375 m2/h, was found to be, on average, 11 W/m of bore depth, while the required borehole length in meter per kW of heating capacity was obtained as 14.7.
Based upon the measurements made in the heating mode from the 20th of January till 31st of March 2004, the heat extraction rate from the soil is found to be, on average, 57.78 W/m of bore depth, while the required borehole length in metre per kW of capacity is obtained as 11.92.
History shows that rallies that emerge from the depths of bear markets are almost always followed by a "retesting" of those market lows.
In addition, many Afghans have experienced the detentions as humiliating, and found almost unbearable the depths of poverty borne by their families during their internment.
And that is despite pre-tax profit margins that even in 2002, at the depth of the bear market, never dipped below 18% and have subsequently hovered around 30% (see chart below).
So people prefer dug wells of 3 6 m depth than the bore wells of 30 or 50 m and extract good quality groundwater which floats as lens on the saline water.
After two decades in which stocks suffered only brief and mild downturns -- interruptions in profitable years -- the depth of the bear market has shocked many investors, especially those who were not shareholders in the 1970's, the last time stocks endured a prolonged setback.
What has hurt even more is the length and depth of this bear market.
