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First, the data zones were divided into quintiles of income deprivation (1 = least deprived, 5 = most deprived) based on the income deprivation rank, generated from the percentage of income deprived population in each data zone (Table 2).
The postcode of each patient was used to assign a deprivation status on a 10 point scale, which was then converted to fifths for analysis (1=most affluent to 5=most deprived) based on the Scottish index of multiple deprivation, which uses 37 indicators of poverty across seven domains (current income, employment, health, education, housing, geographical access, and crime).
Children were identified as residing in one of five quintiles ranging from most to least deprived based on their electoral division.
The majority of students (70%) were mildly to severely sleep deprived based on Carskadon's [ 1] finding that adolescents require at least 8.5 hours of weeknight sleep.
children with pre-existing disease, children without pre-existing disease, we will attempt to split the children into areas that are 'extremely' deprived and only 'very deprived' based on the SIMD of the child's postcode.
Patients were grouped into five categories, from least deprived to most deprived, based on the quintiles of the national distribution of scores for each ward (Coleman et al, 2004).
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Students were assigned to a national quintile of deprivation based on the IMD score of their allocated LSOA (1 = most affluent, 5 = most deprived).
Many of the National Lottery grants are explicitly targeted at the most deprived areas based on the IMD, as are other funds eg Bill and Melissa Gates Foundation gifts for the provision of information technology learning centres.
LSOA deprivation scores were grouped into five categories, from the most affluent (1) to the most deprived (5), based on quintiles of the national distribution.
Most of the sample (80.7%) were categorized as being in the two most socio-economically deprived quintiles based on the Welsh IMD ranking [ 39].
Women were categorised as residing within or outside of a deprived neighbourhood based on the postcode of their place of living which can then be converted using the published Dutch index of deprivation 2007.
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