All subjects had good functional status (activities of daily living 5.9 ± 0.1 and instrumental activities of daily living 6.9 ± 0.8) and were not depressed (Geriatric Depression Scale score 3.5 ± 2.2).
Using a cut-off point of above.43 (depressed mood scale), 87.5% of the cases were correctly classified into those considered at risk versus those not considered at risk of clinical depression (GHQ>5).
On psychological scale scores, the concordant high group scored, as expected, overall higher on the PI-R-ABBR (p-values <0.001), the YASR anxious-depressed scale (p-values <0.001), ABV neuroticism (p < 0.001 in low high comparison; p = n.s. between high and discordant twin pairs), somatic complaints (p-values between <0.001 and 0.003), and STAI-trait anxiety (p-values <0.001).
Women had significantly higher disability scores than men (P=0.0006) and were also significantly more likely to have visual impairment or urinary incontinence and to be rated as depressed on the geriatric depression scale.
Fifteen participants met our criteria for depression by being depressed on the SCID or having a hospital anxiety and depression scale depression score of 11 or higher.
Compared with controls, patients registered greater dysphoria on both a depression scale and an anxious-depressed scale (Table 1), and their BOLD responses showed both reduced sensitivity to reward and heightened sensitivity to punishment.
Patients receiving more therapy before transplant were more likely to be depressed after transplant and less satisfied with life roles as measured by the depression scale and the life satisfaction with life scales (p = 0.03 and 0.005 respectively).
After the second round of Delphi, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (median 7.0, range 2-9) [ 18], the single question "Are you depressed?
YASR anxious-depressed scale scores revealed significant differences between the concordant low and high groups from 1991 on (p-values < 0.05 in all comparisons).
The higher the scores on the anxiety or depression scales the more anxious or depressed the subject is (range, 0 21 per scale).
