Exact(15)
This property of NH4 + favorably inhibits N movement out of the depot zone to the surrounding unfertilized soil.
Improved establishment of Pseudomonas in the fertilizer depot zone was due to increased root density in the depot zone, which was likely associated with high levels of nutrients for rhizobacteria released as organic compounds in root exudates [15].
Rhizosphere acidification in the fertilizer depot zone could be qualitatively confirmed by yellow coloration in Bromocresol-purple pH-indicator agar along roots growing in the NH4-Depot zone (Fig. 3c).
This enabled placed N to persist in the depot zone as root growth stimulating and root-attracting NH4 +.
To measure root length density in the fertilizer depot zone for treatments NH4-Broad and NH4-Depot at 99 DAS (63 days after placement of depot), soil core samples (30 cm L, 5.5 cm Ø) were collected, four from the NH4-Depot zone (or corresponding soil zone for NH4-Broad treatment), midway point between rows 1 2, 3 4, or 5 6 and four from the non-Depot zone, midway point between rows 2 3 or 4 5.
Secondly, NH4 +-uptake from NH4 +-rich subsurface fertilizer depots induces rhizosphere acidification around the depot zone, which enhances plant P-acquisition in neutral to alkaline soils [25].
Similar(45)
12 days after placement of fertilizer depots in treatment NH4-Depot (48 DAS), soil NH4-N concentration at 0 30 cm depth in fertilizer depot zones (midway point between rows 1 2, 3 4 and 5 6; 337 kg NH4-N ha−1) was higher than that for zones without fertilizer depot (midway point between rows 2 3 and 4 5; 1.8 kg NH4-N ha−1, P < 0.001).
There was no BE-effect within the NH4-Depot zone.
(2) Marked rhizosphere acidification occurs within and around the NH4 +-depot zone.
RLD in the fertilizer-depot zone was higher with BE1 than without (Fig. 5b).
(4) Inoculated and established PGPMs further promote root development around the NH4 +-depot zone.
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