Another typical problem of femtocell deployment is strictly connected to user mobility: increasing the number of cells within the same area leads to more and more handover operations.
The strength of CloudML is that the description of the deployment is causally connected to the real running system: any change on the description can be enacted on demand on the system, and, conversely, any change occurring in the system is automatically reflected in the model.
A wireless sensor network (WSN) begins with an unorganized deployment of physical sensors connected to transmit/receive modules.
However, the deployment of RNs offloads the DeNB (i.e., there is less UEs connected to DeNB after deployment of RNs and they require less resources to achieve better throughputs), thus the UEs still connected to the DeNB are expected to experience higher resource availability and therefore potentially higher throughputs despite the lower SE.
That is the case for femtocell deployments, where the cells are often connected to the same router and/or access point to the Internet backhaul.
In comparison to cellular networks, which are mostly implemented by a fixed infrastructure to transport signalling, voice, and data communications, satellite communications have limited dependency on the ground infrastructure, which is related to the management of the satellites or to the deployment of a gateway or 'hub' connected to the internet.
In a typical deployment, a single Zeus Defense Center would be connected to three to six batteries, spread out by as much as 100 mile.
Renewable energy charging stations can play a key role in the successful development and deployment of electric vehicles in the areas not connected to the electrical grid.
Only a few nodes need to be connected to the internet, so effective deployment comes down to extending the reach of the internet throughout the disaster zone.
The use of single-hop WLAN access poses less challenges, although it presents the obstacle of the deployment effort required to equip road segments with access points connected to a network infrastructure.
