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Of those who reported using methamphetamine in the past 12 months in 2008, 53% met criteria for dependency on the Substance Dependence Scale (SDS, a screening tool developed to assess opiate dependence [ 25] and subsequently validated by the DSM III for assessing amphetamine dependence [ 26]).
The majority (82%) of the sample was heroin dependent according to the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS), and approximately one-third were cocaine (36%) and cannabis (32%) dependent (Table 3).
Therefore, we chose to assess dependency using the 16-item Betel-quid Dependence Scale (BQDS) [ 19, 20].
To assess dependency like behaviour, we used the The Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS), which includes five questions designed to measure psychological dependence (Table 1) [13].
A high Severity of Dependence Scale score increased the probability for contact with a physician.
The average score on the nicotine dependence scale was 4.78 (SD = 2.3).
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Instead, Pickles has "a vision of self-funded councils that keep their business taxes with central grant dependence scaled back".
It can be used to visualize local deviations from self-similar, long-range dependence scaling and to provide reliable local estimates of the Hurst exponents.
7 8 The structure of the WP-associated dependence concept was shaped by the development and validation of a specific score, the Lebanese Waterpipe Dependence Scale-11 (LWDS-11).
sociodemographic variables, detailed active and passive smoking, in addition to items of the tobacco dependence scales were all evaluated.
In behavioral intervention group, the mean ages, median smoking years, median nicotine dependence scales and median MRC scales were 61.6 ±10.2 years, 37.8 ±11.7pack-years, 5.1 ±2.1 and 2.4 ±1.5, respectively.
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