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The starting point is a non-empty (finite or infinite) set \(S\) of states of nature describing the exogenous parameters (i.e., facts about the physical world) that do not depend on the agents' uncertainties.
So every reason entails that if someone can promote the relevant outcome (which outcomes are relevant may depend on the agents involved if the reason is agent-relative) then it logically follows from Nagel's gloss of reasons in terms of promotion (in his sense) that there is reason to perform that action.
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Whether this kind of condition is satisfied may depend on the agent's current circumstances and the options that exist.
To summarise, the idea that responsibility should depend on the agent's having changed the course of events points in the direction of the but-for theory.
Nature's probability of flipping either coin does not actually depend on the agent's prediction, so we can replace the conditional probabilities p0(θ|x) by p0.
As long as the cost of the benefits does not depend on the agent's work intensity, taxing the benefits at cost is more efficient than taxing them at the agent's utility equivalent.
Because the sign of the reward in going from, e.g., green to yellow does not depend on the agent's observation, but rather on its unobserved state, this chain is not an MDP, but it is expressible as an AMDP.
Therefore, the glucometabolic benefits of ARBs might depend on the agent that is used, the study population (a priori risk), concomitant medication, and the duration of exposure.
Lewis' key insight is that a convention is a pattern of mutually beneficial behavior which depends on the agents' common knowledge that all follow this pattern, and no other.
Cognitive abnormalities are observed in 20 to 70% of women after chemotherapy depending on the agents used, intensity and duration of treatment, predisposing factors, and type and scoring of cognitive tests [ 90, 91].
But Colonel Henchal said that could take anywhere from 24 hours to 30 days, depending on the agent.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com