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The first great philosopher to define deontological principles was Immanuel Kant, the 18th-century German founder of critical philosophy.
However, findings of this study indicate that individuals also operate according to their deontological principles (Ferrell and Ferrell 2011) largely based on their values and moral norms.
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It is wrong when it tends otherwise" to be the supreme deontological principle.
Indeed, the combatant/noncombatant distinction is better understood as a deontological principle, as discussed below.
It is possible to use this deontological principle to support a maximal extension of pacifism such that the prohibition against killing might be extended to include a prohibition against killing non-human persons.
For instance, one might combine the PJP with a consequentialist norm that unjustified coercion is to be minimized or a deontological principle that morality requires not engaging in unjustified coercion.
Our study does, however, cast doubt over endorsing a deontological principle that absolutely prohibits deception in medical ethics, such as that which is seemingly endorsed by the AMA.
For instance, the American Medical Association (AMA) seems to endorse a strong deontological principle that prohibits deception in medicine, stating in its principles of medical ethics that "A physician shall be honest in all professional interactions, and strive to report physicians engaging in fraud or deception" (2001).
It would be interesting to examine in greater depth the significance of this hesitation, to understand that it can be approached either according to principles (deontological approach) or according to consequences (utilitarian approach), neither of which perhaps prevails over the other… The authors declare they have no competing interests.
In the absence of a comprehensive law, what strongly emerge are the principles of deontological codification and of the aforementioned document by the NBC, which postulate the physician's duty to respect the patient's will, even if previously expressed [ 20].
Before assessing this, it is necessary to underline that such an attempt regarding regulations on such issues goes beyond the traditional zone of proposals or principles of a deontological nature.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com