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It is a conceptual, not a deontological, point that one cannot punish another whom one believes to be innocent (section 2.1).
But it is a deontological point that an avenue of justification for harsh treatment is opened up if one believes that the person is guilty and therefore forfeits his right not to be so treated.
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Conflicting deontological viewpoints also point to the conclusion that it is neither ethically obligatory nor ethically prohibited.
Surgical treatment of Jehovah's witnesses, even if elective, is a difficult situation for the surgeon from a clinical, deontological and ethical point of view.
As May points out deontological ethics are not concerned with the consequences of taking action in accordance with set rules; good and bad are only referent to following the rules.
A threshold deontologist holds that deontological norms govern up to a point despite adverse consequences; but when the consequences become so dire that they cross the stipulated threshold, consequentialism takes over (Moore 1997, ch. 17).
At this point what we can say is that the deontological concept of justification has some internalist component because it seems related to a kind of control over beliefs that the epistemic agent may be thought to have.
Moreover, if the complaint is that Citalopram makes people more deontological, and that this is a bad thing, then of course this overlooks the point that most people are already highly deontological in their thinking generally, and specifically in contexts involving harming one person to maximize welfare.
Threshold deontology (of either stripe) is an attempt to save deontological morality from the charge of fanaticism.
It is hardly controversial that some minimal level of altruism is desirable within any morality, deontological, utilitarian or other.
The strategy is to understand the end to be promoted in agent-neutral terms, but also in such a way that the agent at any given point in time can best promote that agent-neutral aim only by acting in accord with suitable deontological rules.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com