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Exact(12)
Let Var(D) denote the variance of D. We have text{Var}(D =text{Var}(D_{1}).
We denote the variance of A i ( d ) and A i ( c ) by σ a, i ( d ) and σ a, i ( c ), respectively.
where T is the period of time between measurements, q1 and q2 denote the variance of the acceleration noise and the noise in target return intensity, respectively.
where g x and g w denote the variance of the prediction error for speech and noise, respectively; A x = ∑ k = 0 p a x k e − jωk ; and A w = ∑ k = 0 q a w k e − jωk.
In the following, we denote the variance of the channel estimation error of the initialization stage by σ Δ h 2 ( 0 ) and it must satisfy the following conditions: σ Δ h 2 ( 0 ) is located in the interval 0, σ Δ h max 2, namely σ Δ h 2 ( 0 ) < σ Δ h max 2. (26) This condition ensures a reasonably good initialization performance of the iterative estimator.
Let σe denote the variance in the environmental variable and σg denote the variance in the genetic variable.
Similar(47)
For a subset of vertices (Asubset N), let (Sigma _{A}) denote the variance-covariance matrix of the variables in (X_{A}), and define with (S_{A}) the corresponding observed variance-covariance submatrix.
where β d and β r denote the variances of the direct path and the residual reverberation part, respectively.
The variables ({sigma _{s}^{2}}) and ({sigma _{n}^{2}}) denote the variances of primary user signal and noise, respectively.
where p denotes a transformed probability map, m1 p and m2 p are the mean values of the nuclear and cytoplasmic pixels in the transformed map such as the pixel in the regions shown in Fig. 7 a, and s1 p and s2 p denote the variances of the nuclear and cytoplasmic pixels in the transformed map, respectively.
As in the introduction, we denote the variance-covariance matrix for the breeding values by G (5) G = var u [ a ] = var u [ W ˜ u ] = W ˜ var [ u ] W ˜ ′ = σ u 2 m ˜ − 1 W ˜ W ˜ ′ The subscript u on the variance operator indicates that it is with respect to the random genetic effects and not the genotypes the latter are simply given and not assumed to follow any distribution.
More suggestions(17)
denote the variability
reflect the variance
denote the distinction
note the variance
reflected the variance
describe the variance
illustrate the variance
demonstrate the variance
define the variance
represent the variance
specify the variance
denote the differential
denote the deviations
denote the variations
denote the variables
signify the variance
denote the variation
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com