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"SE" denotes scale efficiency.
Y-axis denotes scale for participant data (colored traces).
Where SOPI is scaled oil price increase, while SOPD denotes scaled oil price decreases.
where and denote the scale and translation parameters respectively; denotes complex conjugation.
Let Mp,q denote the modulation space with parameters p,q∈[1,∞].
We use m ∈ [Mmin, Mmax] to denote the modulation depth and define: m ∕ dB = 10 ⋅ log 10 signal power at modulation peaks signal power at modulation valleys.
where n = 1, 2,..., M denote different scales [4, 5].
In what follows, we denote the scaled selection coefficient as 2 Nσ0 = σ.
Here, a denotes the scale factor between feature layers.
SLRij denotes the scale normalised log-ratios.
For some non-coherent modulation schemes, it stands P e ( t ) = 1 2 exp ( − gt ), with g denoting modulation constant, (g=1 for BDPSK and g=1/2 for NCFSK), while for some coherent modulation schemes, it stands P e ( t ) = 1 2 erfc ( gt ) with g denoting modulation constant (g=1 for CPSK and g=1/2 for CFSK) and erfc (x) being complementary error function ([11], Eq. (8.250.4)).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com