What is demanded today is a national energy competitiveness project based on the success of past U.S. innovation policy, including targeted support for technology research, development, demonstration, deployment, education, infrastructure, and manufacturing.
But all of the small-scale experimentation will never move into the energy marketplace without a much bigger push not only for research and development, but for the lesser-known steps known as demonstration and deployment.
The Department of Energy Climate Change Technology Program provides $3 million to encourage research, development, demonstration and deployment of technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Research: $2 billion for energy efficiency and renewable energy research, development, demonstration, and deployment activities to foster energy independence, reduce carbon emissions, and cut utility bills.
Safety is of paramount importance in all facets of the research, development, demonstration and deployment work of the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Fuel Cell Technologies Program.
Fiscal incentives and public financing can support of any aspects of the research, development, demonstration and deployment lifecycle to achieve technology push and market pull for renewable energy technologies.
The mission of the program is important to emphasize, "Develop and transform our renewable biomass resources into cost-competitive, high-performance biofuels, bioproducts, and biopower through targeted research, development, demonstration, and deployment supported through public and private partnership" (US Department of Energy. 2011).
The overall aim is to provide a significant impetus to research, development, demonstration and deployment activities such that coal and other fossil fuels can be used in a sustainable manner.
This requires public investments along each stage of the "innovation pipeline," from R&D to demonstration and deployment.
The U.S. government is addressing the need for new financing through a variety of programs that support clean energy technology through the research and development, demonstration and deployment stages".
It will then require large-scale public-private investment in each stage of the energy innovation pipeline - from basic research and development, to applied R&D, demonstration, direct deployment, infrastructure, and education -- eventually on the scale of $50-80 50-80 billionear of federal investment.
