Interestingly, TRPV1 is activated by several other inflammatory mediators that have demonstrated effects on the carotid body, including IL-1, prostaglandins and TNFα64.
We also demonstrated effects of CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling, a pathway implicated in tumor progression and metastasis, in a dual-tumor spheroid invasion model in 3D hydrogels.
Evaluation of microsphere composition demonstrated effects of polymer molecular weight, end group chemistry, and buffer inclusion on tissue-engineered cartilage growth.
Gene expression analysis demonstrated effects on cell cycle regulation.
Many standards of medical care are based on the demonstrated effects of various treatment strategies or processes.
Because of the demonstrated effects upon immune function, we examined the effects of these peptides on T-lymphocyte adhesion to vascular endothelium and surface adhesion receptor expression.
Furthermore, none of the standard treatments, inhaled bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids or phosphodiestrase inhibitors have demonstrated effects to improve mucociliary clearance in COPD.
Since SES and intelligence are correlated with both our independent and dependent measures, it raises the issue of reverse causality in demonstrated effects (Valian, 2015).
We note, that by including both intervention and non-intervention geographies at the macrolevel, we expect any demonstrated effects to be an underestimate.
Without an appropriate control condition, we cannot exclude that the demonstrated effects of the study may be associated with the placebo effect.
However, male youth participation in TVET demonstrated effects that were not statistically different from zero, lessening our confidence in this result.
