First, considering the refueling demand uncertainty of the hydrogen fuel vehicles market, we propose a discrete, robust optimization model in which refueling demand is formulated as an uncertainty set during planning horizon.
Novel bottom-up end-use level models of demand were formulated representing scenarios of both single and multi-residential dwellings installed with combinations of water efficient appliances and rainwater tanks or greywater reuse.
The probabilistic model to determine the normal stress demand is formulated using statistical characteristics of highway traffic and bridge design loads, probabilistic models for the tension capacity of corroding strands, the AASHTO LRFD stress model for strands, and Todeschini's nonlinear stress model for concrete.
The actions/processes (to enlarge, to demand) are formulated as Things (enlargement, demand) and the consequential relationship between them is construed by the use of the word "owed" in the above example.
They find that the mix of skills called for is very diverse across the countries, implying that there is no universal set of requirements and also that domestic institutions and structures strongly affect how demand is formulated.
Let x n h denote the energy demand sent to the utility company by user n in time slot (h in {mathcal{H}}), and the daily energy demand is formulated as: varvec{x}_{n} = left[ {x_{n}^{1}, ldots,x_{n}^{h}, ldots,x_{n}^{H} } right] (2).
The allocations of sources to demands are formulated as linear programming models.
In this optimization, the effect of equipment failures on system operation performance and costs is analyzed by system reliability, and uncertain steam and power demands are formulated by a multi-period stochastic programming.
A new plan was formulated.
Tajong-gyo was formulated by Na Chul.
