Insulin was delivered without human intervention in Atlas et al.; specifically, they used the Artificial Pancreas System (APS) to facilitate communication (17).
Data about the type of delivery showed that 168 patients (65.6%) delivered vaginally without interventions, 42 (16.4%) delivered vaginally requiring interventions (operative delivery), and 46 (18%) delivered by CS.
This pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial showed that a novel, educational intervention, delivered without additional teacher training or professional input, achieved a modest increase in nutrition knowledge in a sample of UK primary school children, who found the intervention to be enjoyable and engaging.
22 Internet interventions delivered with 'live' health professional support, which can be minimal, have been shown to be more effective than internet interventions delivered without support.
As the intervention is delivered without face-to-face contact with the participants, we selected an earlier generation e-cigarette as these require minimal instructions for use and represent very low risk because the nicotine liquid is contained within a sealed cartridge in the device rather than requiring participants to handle refilling fluids.
Some reviews highlighted the poor quality of the interventions, which were sometimes delivered without training, manualisation or fidelity checks, and interventions often lacked a theoretical underpinning and developmental research.
Pilot programmes were viewed as particularly valuable because they gave stakeholders an early opportunity to see how an intervention could be delivered without making large-scale commitments.
Internet-based interventions for depression can be delivered in different forms, from self-help treatments delivered without therapist guidance to mainly text-based interventions with high therapist involvement [ 3, 4].
The BREATH intervention is fully-automated and non-guided and is delivered without professional support of a therapist.
And all are delivered without a word.
In this study, CHWs successfully delivered the intervention without any evidence of breaching confidentiality.
