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Gene duplications may become fixed if there is existing balancing selection, as the fixation of both original alleles removes the possibility of the deleterious occurrence of homozygotes at the original locus [ 46].
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The ability to predict response to a drug (i.e., theranostics) can be subdivided into (1) beneficial symptom attenuation, (2) deleterious side effect occurrence, and (3) probability of relapse.
The traditional methods for predicting the occurrence of deleterious topologically close-packed (TCP) phases in Ni-based superalloys have been based on the PHACOMP and newPHACOMP methodologies.
Several studies have even suggested that supplementations with such vitamins as A and E may play a consistent role in precipitating the occurrence of deleterious clinical outcomes.
The occurrence of deleterious alleles with observable phenotypic effects is not only an essential component for the interpretation of mutation-selection equilibrium rates in biological finite populations, but also for gene and gene function discovery.
We also tested how the estimates would be affected by the occurrence of deleterious mutations (supplementary fig. S2, Supplementary Material online).
However, analyses on sexual oDNA recombination in yeast and Chlamydomonas somewhat argue against the widespread occurrence of deleterious epistasis between oDNA alleles, since the expected segregation distortion is not normally observed (Box 4).
Trichothecenes, fumonisins, and zearalenone produced by Fusarium species, aflatoxins produced by Aspergillus species, and ochratoxins from Aspergillus and Penicillum species receive the most attention because of their frequent occurrence and deleterious health effects.
The Pearson's Chi-Squared test was used for assessing the existence of any correlation between occurrence of deleterious germline mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, or either gene and probands' characteristics.
In a previous study of North America populations of this species, two possible factors contributing to low vc diversity were suggested: the infrequent occurrence of deleterious d-factor viruses in populations provide a low level of selection for new vc types and the frequent predominance of single vc clones on a host substrate does not favour the establishment of novel vc types [ 9].
These models incorporate several approaches used in this study as well as clinical characteristics [ 46], co-occurrence with deleterious mutations [ 19, 46], and histopathological information [ 19].
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