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It is yet another deleterious case of literature, cartoon, or lampoon being taken as history.
If mutants with δ > 0 are only considered, positive epistasis occurs very rarely compared to additive deleterious case: No more than 0.5% of the mutants are neutral at d = 5 if they carry at least one deleterious substitution.
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After a reduction in population size, inbreeding exposes the recessive component of deleterious effects (cases with h < 0.5).
In the absence of a device for bedside testing, this time delay can be very deleterious in cases of life-threatening haemorrhage.
In the latter case, deleterious effects are sampled from a gamma distribution.
In this case, deleterious housekeeper mutations had little effect on the rate or likelihood of carcinogenesis (Fig. 3B).
However the precise function of these proteins in aging is still debated, because their protective role could also be deleterious in the case of sequestration of Zn2+ as observed both in human aging and AD [ 73, 80, 81].
In this case, deleterious mutations reduced the likelihood of carcinogenesis (Fig. 4C); in regimes of very weak selection, clonal expansion was slow and so housekeeper mutations could significantly impede clone growth.
In the other case, deleterious mutations were allowed to occur with rates and effects typical of those inferred from mutation accumulation experiments with bacteria (Kibota and Lynch 1996; Trindade et al. 2010) (supplementary fig. S2, Supplementary Material online).
BRCA1/2mut status was obtained as part of the clinical trial enrolment, and sources included the patient's genetic test results, and in one case, deleterious mutation risk outcome estimates using the BRCAPro model (BayesMendel Lab, http://bcb.dfci.harvard.edu/bayesmendel/brcapro.php).edu/bayesmendel/brcapro.php
The prevalence of these deleterious mutations in cases and controls indicates that they do not represent major risk factor for ASD (MTNR1A case 3.6% vs controls 4.4%; MTNR1B case 4.7% vs 3% controls).
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