This is suitably illustrated in the meta-analysis of Visser et al. that identified a higher likelihood of spermatogenic impairment in gr/gr deleted European populations when compared with Asian counterparts (average OR 6.17 versus 1.84).
The mean TSCS score was significantly lower in the population deleted for only Xp22.3 compared to the normal control population (P < 0.05, Tukey test, df = 243) and was similar to that of the TS population (P > 0.05, Tukey test, df = 243) The known TS short stature gene SHOX is located in Xp22.3.
The stromal cell population was isolated as described recently, resulting in a pure stromal cell population deleted of giant cells and histiocytes.
During thymic development T cells are selected for their recognition of self antigens in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules where a majority of high affinity clones are then deleted from the population of thymic emigrants (10).
NK cells may impinge on adaptive immune responses by altering the function of antigen presenting cells, or even, as suggested recently, by targeting and deleting cognate populations of act-ivated T cells [ 30, 46].
Moreover, children with 22q11.2DS seem to exhibit a generally impaired cognitive performance, which is more variable than in the non-deleted population (as indicated by larger standard deviations in the performance of children with 22q11.2DS in relation to their siblings).
Thirty three of 253 have homologs in other primates, but are absent in Africans, suggesting in a complementary fashion that they were deleted in African populations.
For example, previous studies of pelvic reduction in sticklebacks suggest that a key pelvic enhancer repeatedly deleted in freshwater populations has sequence features shared with fragile sites in human chromosomes (Chan et al., 2010).
Column 12 represents the copy-number of the deleted region in the population following 180 212 generations of population expansion based on oaCGH results.
Some species were added because they were important subsistence foods for the Aleuts, and others were added because they were ecological equivalents to replace species deleted because of low population numbers.
