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The remaining time was due to the rotational and temporal delay scanning, camera readout time and switching between fluorescence and transmission modes and can be significantly reduced.
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The diagnosis of urinoma is confirmed by enhancement on excretory-phase scanning, with inhomogeneous opacification (denser close to the leaking source) which progresses on repeated delayed scanning.
However, FMISO is a relatively lipophilic compound and demonstrates relatively low uptake in hypoxic tissue relative to normal tissue, and slow clearance from normal tissues requiring delayed scanning with consequences on contrast and image quality.
The resulting data in Fig. 2 show pump-probe delay scans for several different conditions.
To generate an image isolating the two components, we calculate the dot product of each pixel's delay scan against a characteristic XPMSS delay scan (which is selected from pixels outside the pigmented cell).
Residual absorptive signal is removed by using a balanced photodiode or by projecting the delay scan onto a reference signal.
Pixels outside the cell exhibited the characteristic dispersive XPMSS delay scan shown in Fig. 2(c) and Fig. 3(b), while pixels with heavy eumelanin content exhibited a delay scan which appeared to be a superposition of XPMSS, transient absorption (TA) from eumelanin, and a long-lived thermal offset [ 2, 20].
To show the XPMSS dispersive time delay profile, two regions of interest are highlighted; the averaged delay scans for each region is shown in Fig. 3(b), in good agreement with what we expect from Fig. 2(c).
With the selected pump-probe wavelengths, this reflects sum-frequency absorption when the pulses are overlapped; the resulting delay scan is essentially a cross-correlation of the pump and probe pulses.
The XPMSS pump-probe delay scans exhibit a characteristic dispersive shape, since alignment of the probe with the rising or falling slopes of the pump pulse shifts the spectrum in opposite directions.
Robustness against linear and nonlinear absorption artifacts is achieved by detecting the spectral shifting with a balanced photodiode and linear projection of acquired data onto a reference XPMSS probe delay scan.
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