In some applications, besides delay and stochastic effects, impulsive effects are also likely to exist [13, 14]; they could stabilize or destabilize the systems.
-- Plans, intentions, and capabilities of separatist, insurgent or radical opposition groups or organizations to influence or destabilize host country government.
Slight changes in delay may destabilize differential equations.
For instance, leakage delay can destabilize a model [22].
It is well known that a small change in delay may destabilize a system [4, 5].
For the DDEs model without delay-dependent coefficient, increased time delay may destabilize a stable interior equilibrium.
It can be concluded that time delay may destabilize the equilibrium of that model and induce periodic oscillations.
For example, in [25], a population model with leakage delays was considered, and it was found that the leakage delay can destabilize a system.
In bilateral teleoperation systems, communication time delay may destabilize the closed-loop system and certainly degrade the operator's intuition and performance.
Our results show that the intracellular delay τ does not affect the stability of the HAM/TSP equilibrium, but the immune activation delay can destabilize the equilibrium and lead to a Hopf bifurcation.
It is noted in the paper that there is a counterintuitive relationship between the market-clearing time and the price-signal delay: when the market-clearing time is relatively long, delaying the price signal can improve the market's stability, while reducing the communication delay can destabilize the market.
