This paper presents a new mechanism that permits the compensation of random independent delay fluctuations due to environmental factors.
The simulation analysis reveals that the real time evolution of the delay with the dynamic AC is more stable when compare to a conventional and simple fixed AC, reaching differences near one order of magnitude in the delay fluctuations.
Effectively, if we look at Fig. 7 where we show five representative cases, we can see that on one hand, when we give more weight to the delay fluctuations, the average delay decreases but so does the throughput.
For a link with a lot of bandwidth or delay fluctuations, it is not beneficiary for the tunnels to use 'slow-start' mechanisms as the bandwidth fluctuation is mistaken for congestion.
As for the reaction to delay fluctuations in (1), it is modeled with an exponential, in order to make the metric more reactive and emphasize their effect, since large delays will lead to packet drops.
Moreover, wireless channel condition is highly variable by nature, and this provokes delay fluctuations of the round-trip time (RTT), intended as the time between one packet is sent and its ACK is received.
Various noises, e.g., communication delay, clock fluctuation and measurement errors, are inevitable and difficult to be estimated accurately, which is the main challenge for achieving accurate clock synchronization.
It is clear that the larger values of gestation time delay cause fluctuation in population density, and even a very small time delay would make the system subject to unstable oscillation and extinct.
However, Figure 6 depicts fluctuations in packet delay and the delay variation is greater than 1 ms. The delay variation exceeds the constraint of 1 ms and is unacceptable.
Moreover, Figure 4 depicts the fluctuations in packet delay; note that the packet delay variation is less than 0.85 ms, which is under the constraint of 1 ms [11, 12].
