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An ionospheric spatial gradient represents the ionosphere delay difference between different locations, and its variation over a specific area is important for implementing differential GNSS systems.
We use an electro-optic light modulator to provide a time varying phase shift between the two eigenvectors and measure the phase delay difference between the two eigenvectors.
The results of the inter-system GPS/GLONASS time offset, the user time offset and the inter-system device delay difference were obtained using the proposed method.
The proposed allocation algorithm aims to provide fair delay for video packets by minimizing the delay difference among transmitted video packets.
Then, an equivalent Discrete-time Integer Delay Difference Equation (DIDDE) is obtained by transforming the obtained discrete-time state-space model into a controller-type block companion form.
The byte granularity scheme partitions Ethernet frames into several pieces for transmission and has a strict requirement on the maximum delay difference of multiple E1 links.
Consider the nonlinear delay difference equation (1.4).
Consider the nonautonomous linear delay difference system (1.1).
while when, it becomes a delay difference equation.
Thus, (3.7) reduces to the delay difference equation (4.10).
The delay difference equations have been studied by many researchers.
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