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About 47% of Compass' gross sales come from selling rock salt, primarily used for highway deicing in the upper Midwest.
A report in 2000 stated that ethylene glycol was becoming less popular for aircraft deicing in the U.S., due to its reporting requirements and adverse environmental impacts (p. 213), and noted a shift to the use of propylene glycol (p. I-3).
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Not your dad, your dad is still looking at big bottles of deicer in Halfords.
Did you accidentally send this survey to the 41 to 57 bracket, and accidentally only send it to blokes, and accidentally only send it to blokes with Gregory Porter and a bottle of Halfords' Night-Before Deicer in the glove compartment?
According to a recent survey of 22 states and three Canadian provinces by the National Transportation Research Board (2007), liquid MgCl2 is currently the 2nd most widely used chemical deicer in North America, after NaCl.
In commercial concentrations, rubbing alcohol has a very low freezing point, so it's usually OK to leave your deicer in the car unless you're expecting temperatures of -20 F (-29 C) or lower.
Although NaCl may be the most abundantly applied salt, a study examining the leaching of road deicing salts in soils in New York State found that Mg2+ from MgCl2 was the most abundant, reactive salt cation in roadside soils (Cunningham et al. 2008).
This includes sodium from applying deicing salts in winter seasons, which could be found in soil, dust and water samples.
Air void degassing and subsequent saturation accelerated by the pumping effect is shown to cause void infillings commonly observed in concrete pavement exposed to prevalent freezing weather and deicing procedures in winter.
Although deterioration of concrete structures over time is normal and expected, the rate at which this has occurred for highway bridges since the 1960s, when officials began applying deicing salts in the winter, has been abnormally advanced and has posed significant challenges, both economically and technically.
It appears that the raw material for natural selection to act upon is present for the evolution of local adaptation to road deicing salts in T. granulosa.
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