Sentence examples for degrees of electron from inspiring English sources

The protonated/deprotonated MUA ligand that caused changes in the dipole moment of molecules may trigger various degrees of electron pulling force (the carboxyl groups of MUA are electron-withdrawing groups[43]).

Until Ohno reports that ferromagnetism can be achieved in (Ga,Mn)As system by introducing magnetic ions Mn into GaAs matrix [1], which invokes great interests in the diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) because of the utilization of both the charge and spin freedom degrees of electrons in these materials [2, 3].

Some degrees of electron-donating capacity were found in all examined extracts.

Therefore, it may cause a high degree of electron scattering from the surface which in turn decreases the film conductivity.

These interactions may facilitate the charge transfer process between PANI and CNFs, and increase the effective degree of electron delocalization.

From the infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies on polyaniline/ZnFe2O4 composites, the peak at 1140 cm−1 is considered to be measure of the degree of electron delocalization.

Although the lateral sizes of these wires are in the sub-micrometer scale, they still possess moderate degree of electron transparency at low magnification, indicating that these wires have somewhat plate-like morphology.

This is explained based on the electronic instabilities caused by the presence of Sc ions which weakens the B-O interactions as well as the increased degree of electron delocalization on the oxygen sublattice.

Owing to the long conjugation structure, high doping level and degree of electron delocalization, H2SO4 doped PANi CE displays good electrical conduction and electrocatalytical behaviors toward I−/I3− redox species.

Figure 1b shows another important parameter for both EDR and separatrix, the local degree of electron nongyrotropy (D_{text{ng}} = 2sqrt {mathop sum nolimits_{ij} N_{ij}^{2} } /Trleft( {P_{e} } right)) [N ij is the nongyrotropic elements of the full electron pressure tensor (varvec{P}_{e}), see Aunai et al. (2013)].

All the four extracts showed some degree of electron donating capacity and reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+.