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Another limitation is that microcirculation and extravasation of fluid was not monitored or assessed in any way; hence, the measurement of certain glycocalyx degradation molecules can only be considered as indirect indicators of glycocalyx integrity.
It was linked in the same study to the production of matrix degradation molecules further proving the role of IL-17 in the pathophysiology of the disease [ 151].
Indeed, the crossing of the BBB has been described to involve several mechanisms among which adhesion molecules, extracellular degradation molecules, and growth factors [ 14, 21– 21].
Ten out of the 14 downregulated genes (71.5%) encoded for adhesion molecules (AM) while 28.5% encoded for extracellular matrix degradation molecules (EMD).
ATF4, ATF6, and XBP-1 (transcription factor targeted by IRE 1) upregulate ER chaperones, folding enzymes, and protein degradation molecules, which either prevent the aggregation of unfolded proteins or assist in their degradation [ 74].
Genes encoding for molecules involved in cell growth/proliferation (CG/P) were the most represented in the group of upregulated genes (54.8% see supplementary Table 1); however, genes involved in the synthesis of adhesion molecules and matrix degradation molecules are shown in Table 1(b).
Similar(52)
The decomposition of the entire network into metabolic pathways is generally done according to biological functions: molecule degradation (catabolism), molecule synthesis (anabolism) or energy transfer [ 21].
The variability in p53 response observed in [ 21, 31] must originate from sources other than stochasticity in the production and degradation of molecules, because the numbers of involved molecules are rather large.
Our standard recommended guideline is based on evidence from studies of mRNA, a molecule known to display very rapid degradation; other molecules may be much more stable over time.
Following fructan degradation, fructose molecules are converted to sucrose [16], which is loaded into the phloem of carbon-exporting tissues (sources) and transported through the veins before being unloaded in carbon sink tissues [17].
Thus, we can ignore production and degradation of molecules whose level is rigorously controlled.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com