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Several researchers focused on the measurement of static deflection of the wire (wire lag).
According to the ISO 15.841 standard, the test deflection of the wire should be evaluated from 0.5 to 0.5 mm.
This could be attributed to the behavior of the elastomeric module which caused an augmentation of the critical angle (θ c) by accommodating the deflection of the wire (Figure 2).
The deflection of the wire attached to the bracket corresponds clinically to the beginning of treatment, when the teeth are poorly positioned and the wire is forced into the slots of the accessories.
However, in CB, even these wires are pressed by the elastomeric or metal ties, promoting greater deflection of the wire, which in turn results in higher levels of force.
By manipulating the moment of inertia of the bond wire, the sag deflection of the wire bond can be regulated appropriately to avoid wire sag and even the wire sweep enigma.
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The stiffening effect caused by higher deflection of the wires acted as an opposing force and might be the reason for the higher axial loading needed to achieve osteotomy contact in indirect loading.
The evaluations of the load-deflection of the wires were considered the unloading forces.
The evaluation tests of the force released through deflection of the orthodontic wire were performed in a clinical simulation device representing the maxillary teeth, extending from the right second premolar to the left second premolar [10, 30, 31]. Figure 1 shows the clinical simulation device that was used in this study.
The proximal bone fragment in indirect loading covered the whole defect size of 3.5 mm, thereby resulting in a higher deflection of the proximal wires compared to direct loading.
Vibration and deflection of wire electrode during Wire EDM machining process was studied by few researchers (Herrero et al. 2008; Tomura & Kunieda 2009; Beltrami et al. 1996).
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