In underwater environment, deflections can be due to particles of size comparable to the wavelengths of travelling light (diffraction), or to particulate matter with refraction index different from that of the water (refraction).
Moreover, the deflection basin index has a good relationship with the interlayer friction coefficient.
The relation between deflection basin index and interlayer friction coefficients is established, and a method of assessing the pavement interfacial bonding condition is suggested.
Structural behaviour of studied beams, including first crack, ultimate load, deflection, ductility index, strain characteristics, crack pattern and failure mode were investigated.
The results indicate that the compressive strength has an inverse relationship with deflection, toughness index and fracture energy, respectively; but the compressive strength have an direct proportional relation with flexural strength, first cracking load, and peaking load, respectively.
HCFPS test panel exhibited ductile behaviour and flexural failure with a deflection ductility index of 4. FE models of HCFPS were developed using the program ABAQUS and validated with experimental results.
Adding coconut fiber positively influenced first-crack deflection, toughness indices, plastic cracking, and impact resistance in the composites.
The results indicated that in the top zone of the filled soil layers with 94% degree of compaction, the CCR stabilized subgrade soil exhibited higher values of CBR and resilient modulus, and lower values of resilient deflection and DCP Index relative to the quicklime stabilized soil.
Deflection and load performance indices for symmetric four-point loading are derived and evaluated using the connection stiffness data.
Open image in new window Figure 6 Effect of power index on the deflection of plate atr = 0.
