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It looks at the correlation between medical marijuana uptake and opiate deaths, but it isn't able to say that the former definitively caused the decline in the latter.
In other words, no study can claim that any given event was definitively caused by climate change — rather, the studies generally calculate a probability that climate change played a role.
A vaccine side effect and a vaccine reaction are basically the same thing — something that occurs after a person receives a vaccine that was directly, definitively caused by the vaccine.
"After more than a decade of increasing kratom use in the US, the FDA is pointing to fewer than 40 deaths coincident with kratom use none of which were definitively caused by kratom and calling the plant 'deadly,'" said psychologist and kratom researcher Marc Swogger.
Second, we measured injury related to maltreatment or violence, rather than definitively caused by, as only a small minority of cases where maltreatment is suspected proceed to child protection assessment and definitive attribution of cause.
These changes in the epidemiology of pediatric CDI, although not definitively caused by the BI/NAP1/027 strain, are likely related to this strain because at least 2 reports suggest a high prevalence (10%38%%) of this strain in pediatric CDI populations and a 4× increase in complication rates associated with this strain compared with other strains (14, 15 ).
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The defense in this case presents a general conundrum: Can a patchwork of mental conditions definitively cause an individual to be unable to conform his behavior to the requirements of the law?
It's a very complex subject, with lots and lots of opinions and very little actual scientific facts (for instance, "X definitively causes Y").
In our previous study, DPSCs from the oestrogen deficiency rat model also exhibited activated NF-κB pathway, but with reduced odontogenesis/osteogenesis 12. Oestrogen deficiency usually leads to excessive expression of TNF-α which definitively causes activation of NF-κB 12, 39, 45, 46.
Mr. Klebanov, who heads the board of inquiry into the Kursk sinking, said after a meeting of that board that divers and minisubmarines have yet to gather enough evidence to say definitively what caused the tragedy.
However, no pathogens have been found definitively to cause the disorder.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com