It is necessary to be able to gauge the costs of the decommissioning task from the earliest stages of the project (project definition, planning, and project initiation phases of the project lifecycle) through the implementation, commissioning, and operations works.
To develop the criteria and related definitions, project staff consulted internal maternal health experts, commercial firms, and other sources [ 5].
Despite the considerable amount of research conducted on project success, no consensus has yet been reached regarding the definition of project success and project failure (Ika 2009).
By definition, these projects are highly capital intensive and characterised by a long planning and operational period [1].
At first blush the above definition of projects may not seem a perfect fit for the work that goes on in a science lab.
In brief, the EpiCollect+ XML description allows the definition of projects that contain one or more linked data forms (linked either hierarchically, in a one-to-many fashion, or branched) and each form can contain any number of the standard 'text' and 'media' fields.
Dye and Pennypacker (1999) include the notion of fit to organizational strategy in their definition for project portfolio: "…a collection of projects that, in aggregate, make up an organization's investment strategy".
For example, Archer and Ghasemzadeh (1999, 2004) propose a definition of project portfolio as "…a group of projects that are carried out under the sponsorship and/or management of a particular organization".
They should be engaged from the outset during problem definition and project design, since the decisions and actions taken in a project affect them.
However, the findings from this work are sufficient to formulate a hypothesis that enhanced project ownership is positively related to longer-term retention in science careers and to offer an operational definition of project ownership.
