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In addition, we provide novel insights into the hysteretic origin in perovskite solar cells, identifying the nature of the contacts as a critical factor in defining the charge accumulation at its interface, leading to either ionic, electronic, or mixed ionic-electronic accumulation.
It consists of self-organized stacks (tactoids) having isomorphically substituted metal cations defining the charge of layer unit.
We can compute ϕ, T, and u i from Eqs. (4), (8), (9), respectively, after having defined D i,, q i, η, σ ij, (^{text {p}}!varepsilon ^{{bullet }}_{ij}) by means of ϕ, u i, T. We aim at defining the charge potential D i, the electric current, the heat flux q i, the specific entropy η, the stress σ ij, and the rate of plastic strain (^{text {p}}!varepsilon ^{{bullet }}_{ij}).
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She is in charge of defining the condition's criteria for the next Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, commonly called the D.S.M, which the American Psychiatric Association is preparing to publish in 2012 or 2013.
The first problem is how to define the charge.
The relative position of redox donator, mediator, and acceptor equilibrium potentials defines the charge transport and a potential-dependent electrochemical current rectification.
An earlier version of the manual, issued in 2007 by the Bush administration, defined the charge of "murder in violation of the laws of war" as a killing by someone who did not meet "the requirements for lawful combatancy" — like being part of a regular army or otherwise wearing a uniform.
We define the charge transfer as the difference between the Löwdin charges [16] for isolated graphene sheet and graphene sheet with H atoms. From this result, one can determine whether H atom acts as an acceptor or as a donor.
Judge O'Neill said that he could not define the charges any further.
In [20], the authors defined the charging throughput maximization problem in heterogeneous networks and transformed it to an orienteering problem in order to plan an efficient charging path for mobile charger.
An outside consultant was hired to facilitate the retreat with the overall goals of defining the role and charge of the SC, identifying opportunities and challenges for community engagement and population health research, and developing a strategic plan.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com