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The prospective study included 58 isolates obtained in 2012, including isolates from 1 epidemiologically defined outbreak.
Figure 1 shows the timeline of cases in the epidemiologically defined cluster and/or the genetically defined outbreak.
First, we conducted a retrospective analysis that focused on an epidemiologically defined outbreak of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis JEGX01.0004 within a long-term care facility (LTCF).
We defined outbreak onset as month and year first illness onset was reported, and outbreak setting as place where exposure occurred.
Of 55 K. pneumoniae isolates sequenced from 47 individuals, 34 isolates sampled from 26 individuals were part of the genetically defined outbreak.
Most commonly these false alarms occurred following isolated small-scale increases in notifications, or increases prior to a defined outbreak period.
Similar(45)
Three observational studies (28, 35, 37 ) demonstrated a statistically significant protective effect of staff vaccination against clinically defined outbreaks of ILI in patients (Table 4).
Clades 3 and 4 are composed of isolates from epidemiologically defined outbreaks that are divergent from other S. enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates in this study.
RRv disease notifications generally exhibit well defined outbreaks which are reasonably easily identified retrospectively; however, retrospective evaluation is unable to provide a definitive indicator of whether or when an outbreak has occurred, particularly for previously unrecognised or smaller-scale events.
We defined outbreaks based on CDC guidelines for contact investigation as detection of TB disease among >2 persons exposed to a person with infectious TB (20 ), i.e., >3 linked cases within 2 years.
In addition, categories used for surveillance purposes generally defined outbreaks by the predominant mode of transmission, i.e. the mode which accounted for the greatest number of cases, irrespective of whether that was the mode of transmission from the primary source, or the subsequent, mode of secondary transmission via water or person to person spread.
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