An interpretation more in line with government policy would instead define disadvantage in terms of the chance of a child from a particular social or racial group gaining a place at any given school.
We define disadvantage through the acronym PROGRESS-Plus (Place of Residence, Race/Ethnicity, Occupation, Gender, Religion, Education, Socioeconomic Status, and Social Capital, and Plus represents additional categories such as Age, Disability, and Sexual Orientation), used by the Campbell and Cochrane Equity methods Group and the Cochrane Public Health Review Group [ 4].
However this is a very broad brushstroke approach to defining disadvantage.
IRSED defines disadvantage broadly in terms of access to material and social resources, and ability to participate in society.
Suburbs were defined as disadvantaged if they ranked in the lowest two quintiles of the Australian Bureau of Statistics' 2006 Socioeconomic Index for Areas (SEIFA) score of relative socioeconomic disadvantage [ 22].
Cabinet Office research estimates there are about 140,000 such families in Britain, defined as "experiencing multiple disadvantage".
How does a community that has partly been defined by its exclusion, disadvantage and poverty redefine itself?
If disadvantage were defined as above, admissions authorities might be led in the direction of ability banding, favoured in the code, and powerfully advocated in a recent report from the Institute of Public Policy Research IPPRR).
Cumulative socioeconomic disadvantage was defined as the number of life course periods with low SES (range 0 4).
Socioeconomic disadvantage was defined as both parents belonging to manual occupation versus one or both parents belonging to a nonmanual or self-employed occupation.
Among a population-based cohort of U.S. adults, we found that socio-demographic factors, including household income, varied in an expected direction across county poverty levels, and the county poverty metric clearly defined levels of material disadvantage for this population.
