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These two methods are used to approximate integrals over the manifold defined by the level set.
Each pixel has one returned value defined by the level of corruption present in the pixel.
The non-smooth Lyapunov function is defined by the level of the output constraint creating an invariant set for which the strict output constraints are satisfied.
Panel rows are defined by the level of secondary education attained by those beneficiaries whose responses were used to weight the index in that row.
To have a chance of landing an academic position you would need to demonstrate an adequate number of publications of adequate quality, adequacy being defined by the level of the position you are applying for.
Two datasets were defined by the level of taxonomic identification, all taxa or a subset of common taxa, and the level of taxa reduction; all taxa, taxa > 1% of total abundance, and taxa significantly contributing to variation.
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All groups were matched for age and gender (Table 1 ).In addition, the diabetic groups were matched for duration of diabetes and glycemic control as defined by the levels of HbA1c.
The long term outcome of renal function, as defined by the levels of pCr at the end of follow up, correlated with the pCr and CRP levels at presentation (p = 0.006 and p = 0.005, respectively), the severity of TIN infiltration and fibrosis (p < 0.0001), the degree of tubular atrophy and arterial sclerosis (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.049, respectively).
This constraint is usually defined by the interference level at the PU receiver and/or the outage probability, which is defined as the probability that the interference level is beyond a given threshold.
The type of manifold involved here is defined by the zero level set of a smooth mapping u Rn↦R.
Step 3 Evaluate the fitness value defined by the upper level objective function value for each individual.
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identified by the level
defined by the rate
predetermined by the level
described by the level
defined by the results
defined by the expected
defined by the standards
defined by the classifications
differentiated by the level
defined by the selected
defined by the proportions
defined by the increased
defined by the degrees
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com