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The 'level of modernity' for the entire road infrastructure (defined as the relation between the current asset value and the acquisition values) decreased from 0.70 in 1991 to 0.66 in 2015 [13 , 15.
D is defined as the relation between the energy lost during one oscillation cycle (Elost) and the total energy stored in the oscillator (Estored) as shown in equation 3 [22]: D=ftau{1}=frac{au }=frac{E_{lost}}{2pi {E}_{stored}} (3).
An undoubtedly significant parameter informing the dentist about the location, that is, on which side there is the source of disorder is the ratio defined as the relation of the right length to the left of the articular route.
Change in forces generated by the mastication organ muscles is characterised by a nondimensional muscles activity coefficient w A. In this study, these coefficients are defined as the relation of force generated by a given muscle to the sum of forces generated by all the muscles.
Similar(56)
They are, respectively, defined as the relations of the single eigenvector, m eigenvectors, P eigenvectors, and responses between the master and the slave degrees of freedom.
When applied to respiratory physiology, stress has been defined as trans-pulmonary pressure, and strain defined as the relation-ship between Vt and EELV.
Usually it is defined as the equivalence relation (or: the reflexive relation) satisfying Leibniz's Law, the principle of the indiscernibility of identicals, that if x is identical with y then everything true of x is true of y.
A process p is well-formed if ({{mathrm{wf}}(p)}) holds, and ({{mathrm{wf}}(p)}) holds if the auxiliary relation (with the same name, with abuse of notation) ({{mathrm{wf}}(p, emptyset )}) holds; the auxiliary relation ({{mathrm{wf}}(p, I }), where the second parameter is a set of constants, is defined as the least relation induced by the axioms and rules of Table 7.
One specific relation, defined as the moments similarity relation, is examined as a biased sampling method for Monte Carlo simulations.
Trust annotations in types are subjected to a subtyping relation (spreceq s'), meaning that trust type (s) is a subtype of (s'), which is defined as the smallest reflexive relation (encoded as an inductive type) such that (the only non-reflexive element of relation (preceq ) is ) tr(preceq )dis.
Often, it is denoted by (mathcal{R}^{s}). . the inverse (or transpose or dual) relation of (mathcal{R}), is defined as mathcal{R}^{-1}=bigl{ (x,y in X^{2}:(y,x inmathcal{R} bigr} mbox{ which is denoted by } mathcal{R}^{-1}; the symmetric closure of (mathcal{R}) is defined as the smallest symmetric relation containing (mathcal{R}) (i.e., (mathcal{R}^{s}:=mathcal{R}cupmathcal{R}^{-1})).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com