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R was defined as described before.
Active/chronic active and inactive WML were defined as described before [ 41, 42], in which active and chronic active lesions show amoeboid monocytes/macrophages in the center or at the border of the lesions, respectively, while inactive lesions are almost devoid of activated immune cells, but do show ramified microglia [ 41– 41].
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Remaining parameters were condition specific and defined as described in the Methods section.
LADs were defined as described in [8].
Specificity and sensitivity were defined as described previously [9].
The neutralizing antibody titer was defined as described [16].
and defined as described [ 38].
Lesions were defined as described previously [ 33].
Immunosuppression was defined as described above.
DCI was defined as described recently [ 2].
Supernatants were collected as described before [10].
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