Define the discrepancies between the actually formed images {q(p)} and the true original image b as the l2 squired norms, J p (b) = ||q(p)- Φ(p b||2; p = 1,...,P.
The architectural drift problem defines the discrepancy between the architecture description and the resulting implementation.
Then, we will use the Sobol indices to define the effective discrepancy, which turns out to be correlated with the QMC error and thus enables one to choose a good sequence for the integral estimation.
We define the residual discrepancy between the measured geoelectric field and that which we estimate from induction: textbf{d}left(a_{T},b_{T},sigma_{H},textbf{G}right) = textbf{E}^{m} - textbf{G}_{T}textbf{E}_{T} - textbf{G}_{H}textbf{E}_{H}, (42).
Define the relative discrepancies (4) (5) and (6) The metric gives the expected value of α xy under association and gives the expectation of under the assumption of independence.
Thus, for each gene g we define the log-ratio discrepancy (LRD) as: <img src="http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/asset?id=info?doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0005645.e001.PNG" class= inline-graphic"/> where N is the number of samples, and xgs and ygs are the expression values of gene g in sample s, as measured on each platform.
Users with bad radio conditions experience lower data rates than users with better radio conditions, leading to a spatial unfairness, which we define as the discrepancy between location-dependent user arrival probabilities and the observed residence probabilities in steady state.
Using h ¯, we define the heights error, a discrepancy score between clade ages of T = (L, ℂ, h ) and a reference tree T r e f, (1) ε H (T, T ref ) = ∑ c ∈ ℂ | h (c ) − h ¯ ref (c ) |.
This has been defined as the discrepancy between single-event confidences and the actual relative frequency of correct answers, such that the former exceeds the latter.
A residual, defined as the discrepancy between the actual battery voltage and its estimation obtained from the trained parity relation, is used to infer battery SOH.
Recent studies suggest that weight suppression (WS), defined as the discrepancy between current and highest past weight, predicts short-term weight gain in bulimia nervosa (BN) during treatment.
