Building damage by earthquake action is a serious problem; in this regard, (Rachana and Mohod 2012) studied seismically deficient structures by carrying out the pushover analysis of frame structures using structural analysis and programming software.
Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) is a widely used material to strengthen deficient structures externally.
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) materials have been recently used as novel materials to retrofit aging and deficient structures.
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been used to strengthen and retrofit deteriorated or deficient structures, especially concrete structures.
A bridge may be functionally obsolete or have a deficient structure because of older design codes or features.
The euro zone wasted time tightening fiscal rules that treated mostly symptoms (budget deficits) not causes (a deficient structure and crippled banks) and led to excessive austerity.
Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) slab using externally bonded plate is found to be the most common and popular in retrofitting of deficient structure.
In the strengthening of existing deficient structures using the near-surface mounted (NSM) FRP method, a group of parallel NSM FRP strips are usually needed to meet the capacity enhancement requirement.
The somatic mutation theory of aging (Kennedy et al., 2012; Szilard, 1959) proposes that over time cells suffer insults that affect their fitness, for example, diminishing their proliferation and growth rates, or forming deficient structures and connections.
We find that the orbital contraction effect tends to reduce the energy of the s conduction states in diamond-like structures, and might lead to a structural transformation to chalcogen-deficient structures.
Difficulties such as non-engineered construction, improper execution, wear & tear etc. Dismantling the structure is not a feasible solution, however strengthening the deficient structural components of the structure seems to be a better alternative.
