Thus fer mutant plants are severely female-deficient, producing few seeds.
Whereas, in RS-biomass residue and cellulose substrates, A. terreus was deficient in producing some cellulose-degrading enzymes that were found to be critical in increasing the overall enzyme activity.
MIDY mutations impair proinsulin folding; such products of the mutant INS-gene allele are deficient in producing insulin [4], [5], [15], [16], [17].
In contrast, eight clear zones (corresponding to about 3.3×102 D. discoideum cells) were shown on a representative lawn of the negative control lasR (a strain deficient in producing the master virulence regulator LasR [10]).
We have previously demonstrated that Mmp2−/− cells are deficient at producing alkaline phosphatase-positive colonies (Mosig et al., 2007).
Consistent with exhaustion, PD-1hiTIM-3+ T cells are antigen-experienced cells that are deficient in producing cytokines following stimulation through the TCR.
Inbred MHA, but not outbred LVA hamsters, are deficient at producing IL-2 and this cytokine may play a role in host susceptibility to infection [ 173].
We found that type 1 VHL mutants were vastly deficient in producing an epithelial-like morphology and higher levels of HIF-2α (and perhaps cyclin D1) are likely to impact this phenotype.
TLR3 deficient mice produced reduced pro-inflammatory mediators and are unable to control viral replication at the early stages of infection resulting in severe cardiac damage.
In contrast, the study of mammalian PINK1 deficient tissue produced controversial findings: human cells with knocked-down or mutant Pink1 showed either a paradoxical increase in fragmented mitochondria [27] or proliferation of mitochondria with abnormal morphology [18].
Only the AtUGE4 knockout mutant ROOT HAIR DEFICIENT 1 (rhd1/UGE4 rhd1 ) produces a visible phenotype.
