The availability of mice deficient in one or more of these cytolytic effector molecules has provided evidence of their role in controlling virus infections [12] [17] and protection from tumours [18] [22].
The availability of hprt deficient rat ES cell lines also provides reagents with which to develop reliable, controllable transgene expression in rat ES cells, as well as accelerating the prospect of using large scale genome engineering to humanise specific chromosomal regions in the rat.
Availability of NIR-deficient APE1 mutants provides a new tool for testing this hypothesis in human cells.
The availability of SAP-deficient mutants of C. albicans made it possible to identify the Sap family isoenzyme(s) responsible for the degradation of Hst-5.
Hence, the optimized pentaplex assay is highly specific and sensitive for detecting MMR-deficient CRCs, and that the availability of normal DNA from a CRC patient does not necessarily enhance its performance.
Thus a downregulation of LXR targets in HSL-deficient conditions (due to less availability of FC) might be expected.
The availability of C3-deficient mice in a C57bl/6 background allowed us to reassess the role of C3 in ZIA.
The availability of DUSP-deficient mice also permits the investigation, in a more physiological setting, of DUSPs' substrate specificity in the context of MAP kinases.
It will be interesting to determine how this model works in intact organisms; this should now be capable of investigation, given the availability of MK2-deficient mice [ 47].
Moreover, being cholesterol essential for HCV virion assembly and release [ 8], it is conceivable that lipophagy inhibition may account for the observed defects in HCV infectivity in autophagy-deficient cells by decreasing the availability of recycled cholesterol for the synthesis of novel lipoproteins.
While still seen as deficient, according to some participants the availability of trans healthcare information has increased since entering clinical practice.
