From this viewpoint, the transnational activities of subnational actors are strategies to either defend autonomy and competences or to compensate for the loss of regulatory leeway using nonregulatory means of governance.
While occasionally, the need for autonomous authorization of medical intervention is considered "axiomatic" (Beauchamp 2010, 58), it is commonplace to defend autonomy on independent grounds.
But here's the thing: Those who call me names, many nasty and some profane, for suggesting that we at times need public health policies to protect us -- that, at times, the best defense of the human body resides with the body politic -- do so on the grounds of defending autonomy.
"We have to defend our autonomy and our human rights".
University staff defend their autonomy and so overt displays of power are often seen as inappropriate.
"The real problem, though, is that our local government does not defend our autonomy.
Seasteads may end up as wannabe sovereign states without the means to defend their autonomy against land-based governments.
They just want to defend the autonomy they won in the 1995 Dayton accords that ended the war.
Their economic power challenged the age-old aristocratic order in German society, and, deprived of royal protection, they banded together to defend their autonomy.
Behind this personal crisis loomed a vast and continuing turmoil for the Italian city states, which throughout the 16th century struggled to defend their autonomy against military action by France, Spain and the Holy Roman Empire.
Anyone who cares about literature should, when such ah-has are heard, at once defend the autonomy of the literary text, its right to be considered on its own terms, as if the author were as anonymous as, well, the authors of the sacred texts.
