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This year Russia, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan have joined together in a Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), a customs union with a defence component.
Mr Yeltsin evidently wanted the treaty to include a stronger defence component: before leaving for Kiev he asserted, wrongly, that it contained a mutual-security guarantee.
The chemical secondary defence component should also reduce the intensity of the attack, further lowering Pk.
In such a case, the chemical secretion is both a signal and a secondary defence component.
The probability of attack will be reduced by increasing OSD values, because of OSD's chemical defence component.
Another important defence component in this cluster is MPK11.
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Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) are active defence components of the innate immune system.
Many early attempts to boost disease resistance used constitutive overexpression of defence components but frequently this resulted in poor quality plants.
Nanoparticles, due to their size, shape and surface chemistry are prone to interception by different defence components following entry into the body.
Regarding pathogenicity, the core T3E genes set could provide virulence functions of broad utility and then target defence components broadly conserved among a wide range of hosts [11], [70], [71].
Optimal immune defence: a theoretically expected combination of different immune defence components and/or the strength of the response that yields the highest fitness to its carriers.
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