Signalling from TRAIL to Caspase-8 could be blocked through several mechanisms, including receptor endocytosis, O-glycosylation, expression of Galectins or defective assembly of the DISC.
Previous work demonstrated a defective assembly of synaptonemal complexes and massive apoptosis of spermatocytes in Ubr2−/− mice [26].
They also demonstrated high levels of cardiac-restricted apoptosis and defective assembly of myosin in cardiomyocytes.
Normal mouse skin contains Fras1/Frem1/Frem2 protein complexes, whereas bleb mutants have defective assembly of this ECM complex (4).
Therefore, cells with defective kinetochore assembly or kinetochore-microtubule attachments have higher PKA activity.
Next, we tested the role of the flagellum in MakA secretion using mutants defective in flagellar assembly or function.
However, disruption of this subunit in HEK cells [53,54] or mutation of a highly conserved arginine [55] results in defective complex I assembly or neonatal fatality respectively.
In line with this, defective nuclear pore assembly or a chromosome bridge traversing the midbody delays abscission and this is associated with prolonged Aurora B activity in the midbody (Mackay et al. 2010; Steigemann et al. 2009).
As CFW binds to chitin, interfering with its polymerisation [42], [43], CFW sensitivity test is often used to identify mutants defective in cell wall assembly or in signal transduction regulating cell wall integrity [44], [45], [46].
ULK3 provides inhibitory signals to the abscission machinery that are sustained in response to defective nuclear pore complex assembly or the presence of lagging chromosomes within the midbody, thereby ensuring faithful cytokinesis progression.
In contrast, the primary defect in SSS and the acromelic dysplasias is more likely to be defective cell-surface interactions with microfibrils rather than a defect in microfibril assembly or stability.
