To our knowledge, there have been 11 cases, including defect or anomaly of the vertebral arch, spondylosis, spondylolisthesis, and bifid sacrum, presenting with conjoined nerve roots [9, 11, 12, 15, 17, 24, 25, 26].
They also said that examinations and inspections of the tracks and the locomotive engine found no defects or anomalies.
In the case of a sound and homogenous concrete plate, the velocity of the surface waves will show little variability, while significant variation in the phase velocity will be an indication of the presence of a defect or other anomaly.
Mothers who conceived a baby with a congenital birth defect or chromosomal anomaly or who had a history of use of known teratogens, including antineoplastics, anticonvulsants, retinoids, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, anticoagulants, tetracyclines, antithyroid drugs and lithium, were excluded.
Solvent wiping can help in determining the defect type and if the indication you are seeing is from a real defect or just an anomaly not associated with a defect.
Birth defects or congenital anomalies are a significant cause of morbidity, disability and mortality in many countries [ 2– 5].
There were no observable developmental birth defects or congenital anomalies in the offspring of rats supplemented with OPP at both 1500 and 2400 mg/l gallic acid equivalents in their water supply for all three generations tested.
The Malformation Register defines a major congenital anomaly as a significant congenital structural anomaly, chromosomal defect or congenital hypothyroidism.
In simple types of congenital heart disease the atrial and ventricular arrangement and the ventriculo-arterial junction are normal and the CHD type is then only determined by the extracardiac malformations including anomalies of pulmonary venous return, septal defects, coronary anomalies or anomalies of the aortic arch.
We categorised cardiovascular birth defects into any cardiac defects; situs anomalies and looping defects; conotruncal and major aortic arch anomalies; ventral septal defect or atrial septal defect; atrioventricular septal defects; right ventricular outflow tract obstruction defects; and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction defects.
Any congenital anomaly or birth defect or any event considered to be a medical event of importance will also be classified as a SAE.
