defect of which

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "defect of which" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to a specific defect or flaw in a subject that has already been mentioned. Example: "The product had a defect of which the manufacturer was unaware until after the recall."

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

News & Media

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

4 human-written examples

Led by stepwise elimination, the originating center is tentatively assigned to the SMo or S2Mo antisite, "inherently" associated with grain boundaries, an intrinsic structural defect of which the incorporation emerges as inherent to the growth method used.

Nanoscale Research Letters

The present study reveals a previously undefined role of CFTR and sAC in regulating the cAMP-CREB signaling pathway in Sertoli cells, defect of which may result in impaired spermatogenesis and azoospermia.

Plosone

DCLRE1C operates in the DNA double-strand break repair pathway, defect of which has been strongly associated with breast cancer predisposition [ 11], and ITGA9 encodes α-integrin, which participates in the control of cell division, differentiation and migration [ 12– 12].

BMC Cancer

This effect may not be of immediate importance to the health of the individual, but the significance, in terms of long-term morbidity and mortality, of the renal tubular defect of which it is an indicator is not fully understood, and certain sequelae may have remained unrecognized due to inadequate follow-up.

Environmental Health Perspectives

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

56 human-written examples

But the euro had many other defects, of which neither the architects nor the member states were fully aware.

The Guardian - Business

There is a 90%% association with intracardiac defects, of which tetralogy is the most common [28].

Insights into Imaging

In children, apical diverticula can be associated with Cantrell's syndrome, which is a rare syndrome characterised by a partial sternal cleft, anterior abdominal wall defects, anterior diaphragmatic defect and intracardiac defects of which the ventricular septal defect is the most common and is invariably present.

Insights into Imaging

Adhered ceramic façade claddings are susceptible to defects, of which increasing moisture content is one of the causes, and infrared thermography can be used to detect this phenomenon before visible signs occur.

Construction and Building Materials

The late Jim Oberstar, a Minnesota Democrat who chaired the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee's September 2010 hearing, stated that Enbridge had requested a two-and-a-half-year extension from the Department of Transportation to repair 329 defects, of which the company had been aware for two years.

Huffington Post

A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that CFTR is involved, directly or indirectly, in the transport of HCO3−, defects of which could be one of the major underlying mechanisms for CF-related clinical presentations [24].

Plosone

Having performed the Chp analysis, a knockdown experiment based on RNA interference (RNAi) against dolichyl-phosphate α-d-mannosyltransferase (Dol-P-ManTase), defects of which are related to carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome (CDGS) type IV [22], was carried out.

Plosone

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using the phrase "defect of which", ensure that the noun preceding it is clearly defined and that the relationship between the defect and the noun is unambiguous. This will enhance clarity and avoid potential misinterpretations.

Common error

Avoid using "defect of which" if the noun it refers to is vague or implied. Always make sure the noun is explicitly stated to prevent confusion about what the defect is associated with.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "defect of which" functions as a relative clause introducing additional information about a previously mentioned noun. As Ludwig AI confirms, it is grammatically correct and serves to specify or describe a particular defect related to that noun. The phrase often connects the defect to its origin, cause, or characteristics.

Expression frequency: Uncommon

Frequent in

Science

75%

News & Media

25%

Formal & Business

0%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "defect of which" is a grammatically sound construction used to provide additional information or specify details about a particular defect. As Ludwig AI confirms, it's correct and usable in written English. The phrase is most commonly found in scientific and formal contexts, indicating a formal register. While not extremely common, its usage is consistent with standard English grammar. Related phrases, such as "flaw in which" or "problem with which", can be used as alternatives depending on the specific nuance desired. When using the phrase, ensure clarity by explicitly stating the noun to which the defect relates.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

flaw in which

Replaces "defect" with "flaw", suggesting a less severe imperfection.

problem with which

Substitutes "defect" with "problem", indicating a broader issue rather than a specific fault.

shortcoming of which

Uses "shortcoming" instead of "defect", implying a deficiency or limitation.

imperfection in which

Replaces "defect" with "imperfection", highlighting a state of being not perfect.

malfunction of which

Substitutes "defect" with "malfunction", focusing on a failure to function correctly.

fault in which

Uses "fault" instead of "defect", suggesting responsibility or cause of failure.

deficiency in which

Replaces "defect" with "deficiency", indicating a lack or inadequacy.

weakness of which

Substitutes "defect" with "weakness", emphasizing a vulnerable or susceptible area.

error in which

Uses "error" instead of "defect", highlighting an inaccuracy or mistake.

bug in which

Replaces "defect" with "bug", primarily used in technical contexts like software or electronics.

FAQs

How can I use "defect of which" in a sentence?

Use "defect of which" to specify a particular flaw or problem related to a previously mentioned item or concept. For example, "The machine had a critical defect, the source of which was difficult to trace".

What are some alternatives to "defect of which"?

You can use alternatives like "flaw in which", "problem with which", or "shortcoming of which depending on the specific context".

Is "defect of which" formal or informal?

"Defect of which" is generally considered more formal. In less formal contexts, you might prefer simpler phrases like "the defect in it" or "the problem with that".

What is the difference between "defect of which" and "defect in which"?

While both phrases are grammatically correct, "defect of which" is used to refer to a quality or attribute of the defect itself. In contrast, "defect in which" suggests the location or context of the defect.