For family income-to-needs ratio, there was much less evidence of decreasing disparity in ECEC use across birth cohorts, regardless of whether we considered linear or non-linear income-to-needs ratio (Table 5).
Nonetheless, most studies showed that the trends in prevalence of obesity across SES groups were similar despite the increasing or decreasing disparity (i.e., the prevalence of obesity increased or plateaued simultaneously in all SES groups despite different magnitudes) [ 6, 8– 10, 28].
To assess whether transport infrastructure improvements have the intended effect of decreasing disparities in accessibility among European regions, recent studies have employed sophisticated accessibility measures and inequality indicators [5, 7, 8].
Addressing lower levels of health literacy has been defined as crucial for decreasing disparities in health status experienced by populations [ 19]; our findings show one potential user group's approach to fostering and supporting health literacy skill.
In Germany there was a 50% reduction in overall CVD-related mortality from 1980 to 2007, with a constant trend over time and decreasing disparities between males and females.
17 18 Thus, in most low and middle income countries, cardiovascular disease mortality has become a huge challenge for health systems that still have to deal with a pre-existing burden of infectious diseases, 4 7 8 while in many Latin American countries, even though cardiovascular disease mortality is decreasing, disparities in terms of trends and current rates still remain.
Providing culturally sensitive acute and maintenance care that includes facilitating access to socioeconomic resources and is organizationally integrated within safety-net care systems is likely to have a marked effect on decreasing disparities in depression care among low-income and Hispanic patients with diabetes.
6 Of great promise for the aim of decreasing disparities and improving outcomes is community-based participatory research (CBPR), which engages providers and populations in identifying community health priorities and taking into account not only needs at the local level, but also the tools and means with which to address those needs.
We desperately need to decrease disparity in incomes, but this would be far better accomplished by raising high-bracket income tax rates, not by trying to over-regulate the profoundly valuable activities that produce that income.
Apoyeque was reduced to n = 200 to decrease disparity between population sample sizes, as such disparity can cause problems for parameter convergence.
In a victory for state officials, the court ruled 4 to 3 that additional spending to decrease disparities would bring the system of school financing into compliance with two previous court opinions.
