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Overall crystallization rates and nucleation densities decreased, but the spherulite radial growth rates remained almost constant, indicating that molten-state annealing mainly affects the nucleation ability of IPC, due to a coarsened microstructure and decreased interface area.
The decreased interface areas with increased domain sizes after deeper phase separation, coupled with a more depressed concentration fluctuation, are responsible for lower nuclei density after long time annealing for phase separation.
This study indicates that the introduction of a carbon top-layer on Ni P film could significantly improve the electrochemical performances due to the decreased interface electric resistance and the structure stability.
This will cause decreased interface between SnS2 and PPV.
On the other hand, a decreased interface roughness of 0.05 to 0.1 μm was observed for the interfaces between the BaTiO3 thin films and SUS substrates, as shown in Figure 2b,d.
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Aita[4, 24] combined ZrO2 with other metal oxides in multilayer nanolaminate films and found that as the thickness of individual layers decreased, interfaces play an important role in determining the nanolaminates' overall properties.
Interfaces produced both back stress strengthening and work hardening, which led to both higher strength and higher ductility with decreasing interface spacing until adjacent IAZs started to overlap, after which a tradeoff between strength and ductility occurred, indicating the existence of an optimum interface spacing for the best mechanical properties.
A more likely possibility is that the effects of substrate toxicity or inhibition decrease as the rate of substrate delivery into the aqueous phase decreases with decreasing interface area between the phases.
As the thickness of individual layers decreases, interfaces play an increasingly important role in determining the nanolaminates' overall properties.
In cases where there is a finite misfit dislocation array stand-off from the interface in the welded interface limit, decreasing the interface stiffness results in smaller (or zero) stand-off distances.
The hardness of cladding layers was decreased from interface to surface.
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