Exact(1)
It is possible that other mechanism(s) contribute to increased Akt activation in p110β-deficient cells, including decreased actions of Akt-specific phosphatases (31, 32), but whether activation of these phosphatases is reduced under these conditions remains to be investigated.
Similar(59)
Hypoparathyroidism can be due to decreased secretion of parathormone or, less often, to decreased action of parathormone (pseudohypoparathyroidism).
Potassium efflux through these channels could contribute to decreased action potentials through conduction failure.
Local application of a TRPA1 antagonist to skin receptive fields in wild type mice or rats induces similar decreased action potential firing [16].
Increased conversion of trypsinogen to trypsin by Cathepsin B coincides with a decreased action of Cathepsin L that degrades trypsinogen and trypsin.
Because hypospadias, a long-known symptom of decreased action of androgens during the development of reproductive system, was not encountered in SBTD, we speculate that the putative endocrine disruptor is estrogenic rather than antiandrogenic or with some other action.
By contrast, depolarizing current increased the frequency of oscillations and spike discharges, often evoking doublet or triplet spikes during a single oscillatory cycle while release of depolarizing current transiently decreased action potential frequency.
Electrophysiological studies have shown that leptin hyperpolarises glucose-responsive NPY/AGRP neurons via activation of ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels [ 14]; an action likely to result in decreased action potential firing frequency in NPY/AGRP neurons [ 15], a reduction in transmitter output and ultimately reduced food intake.
Studies from other neuroinflammatory models, such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), have indicated that reactive, GFAP-positive astrocytes can have impaired glutamate metabolism, with decreased action of glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase, which results in higher glutamate concentration and potential excitotoxicity [ 27].
ICl,swell depolarises resting membrane potential and decreases action potential duration [7].
Further, in human and most other large mammals, increasing stimulation frequency decreases action potential duration [3].
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