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Afterwards, a progressive decrease of the mid-sleep difference was observed.
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The MSFsc was calculated as the point of the mid-sleep phase on a work-free day.
We used the validated Brazilian-Portuguese version of the MCTQ (http://www.bioinfo.mpg.de/wepcronotipo/) to assess the mid-sleep phase on work-free days (MSFsc), average sleep duration, and average light exposure.
The results of the analysis of the actigraphy data showed a rapid increase in the incidence of mid-sleep awakening at sound pressure levels higher than 50 dB, LAeq,1m for railway noise.
The assessment of mid-sleep time was calculated on the basis of indicated sleep onset and wake up times in the questionnaire.
The primary outcome measure of mid-sleep time on free days (MSF), a metric of chronotype, was derived from mid-sleep time on weekend nights with further correction for calculated sleep debt as previously described (20, 21).
Average number of mid-sleep awakenings is continuous data.
Social jetlag, a behavioral indicator of circadian misalignment, was calculated based on the absolute difference between mid-sleep time on weekdays and weekends (9).
The subscales of the GSDS address problems such as difficulty falling asleep, mid-sleep awakening, early awakening, sleep quality, sleep quantity, daytime sleepiness, and use of medication to promote sleep.
Mid-sleep time was calculated as the midpoint between sleep onset (bedtime plus sleep latency) and wake time.
In spite of decreases since the mid'90's, rates remain high--12,253 homicide victims in 2013 and many inner-city dwellers still fear being mugged or murdered.
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