Exact(4)
By additional ion irradiation during the secondary etching process, cleaning of the surface and a decrease in the thickness of the Fe catalyst is to be expected, and these result in a decrease in the roughness and a consequent improvement in the height, uniformity, and quality of CNTs.
The electrolyte composition (10 15% ammonium chloride, 15% carbamide) and processing mode (850 950 °C, 5 min) of low carbon steels allowing one to obtain the hardened surface layer up to 0.2 mm with microhardness 740 HV and with decrease in the roughness of 9 times are proposed.
These changes are not present on electrodes when they are first prepared, but are induced by extended cycling which is shown to result in loss of material from the electrode and in a decrease in the roughness of the electrode surface.
The electrolyte composition (10% ammonium chloride, 5% boric acid) and processing mode (850 900 °C, 5 min) of medium carbon steels allowing one to obtain the hardened surface layer up to 0.11 mm with microhardness 1800 HV and with decrease in the roughness of 3 times are proposed.
Similar(56)
Field emission scanning electron microscope surface and cross‒sectional images support the atomic force microscope roughness analysis that shows a significant compressibility of the deposited TiO2 nanoparticle coating with decrease in the surface roughness and nanoscale porosity under external pressure.
The FIB patterning resulted in a decrease in the average roughness.
This was explained to be due to a decrease in the surface roughness and the solid-liquid contact angle.
The slope of the force per unit length increased with a decrease in the surface roughness level.
The effects of the removal of the redeposited material from SRR structures and the decrease in the average roughness after the secondary etching process were investigated (Fig. 5).
In addition, VUV irradiation made the siloxane smoother, characterized by about a three-fold decrease in the average roughness.
As laser fluence is increased, AFM results show a great decrease in the surface roughness of carbon nitride films.
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